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Heat Transfer in Cooling Tower |
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Two kind of heat transfer occur within the tower
between warm water and air.
Latent heat of vaporization: Some of the
liquid changes to vapor with the absorption of heat. This energy, called the
latent heat of vaporization, is that necessary to overcome the attractive
forces between molecules in the liquid state. Absorption of latent heat
accounts for 75-80 percent of the heat transferred in cooling towers.
As long as the wet-bulb temperature, which is
a measure of the heat content of the atmospheric air, is lower than the water
temperature heat is transferred from the water to the air, raising its
temperature and lowering that of the water. This is called sensible heat; it
accounts for the remaining 20-25 percent of heat transferred.
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Introduction |
Combined heat transfer process |
Heat transfer in cooling tower |
Variables affecting performance of CT heat transfer |
Heat transfer within
cooling system (heat exchanger) |
Types of heat exchanger |
Basic design
procedure and theory |
Designing a test heat exchanger |
Log Mean Temperature
difference | L.M.T.D. Correction factors |
Overall heat transfer coefficient |
Elaborated method for calculating U values |
Effect of scale formation |
Condensation of steam |
Condenser, where the hot fluid temperature varies |
Significance of pressure |
Significance of flow rate |
Methods of checking steam
condenser performance |
Common conversion factors
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